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Triad is a Federal/State Interagency Partnership
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Training Classes and Materials
Information on Triad training classes and associated presentation materials are available via this section.
Upcoming Internet Seminars
- Virtual Technology Fair: Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) – National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)
September 24, 2025, 1:00PM-2:30PM EDT, 17:00-18:30 GMT
The NIEHS Superfund Research Program (SRP) presents a "Virtual Technology Fair" featuring Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) grant recipients developing innovative solutions for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Speakers will give a "pitch", showcasing the work underway and its value-added to disrupt the market. We encourage participation by and questions from potential end-users, customers, and other stakeholders to accelerate technology transfer of these promising approaches.
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
- 1,4-Dioxane: Science, Characterization & Analysis, and Remediation – Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council
September 16, 2025, 1:00PM-3:15PM EDT, 17:00-19:15 GMT
In 2020, ITRC's 1,4-Dioxane team created multiple tools and documents that provide information to assist all interested stakeholders in understanding this contaminant and for making informed, educated decisions. Since the 1950s, 1,4-Dioxane has seen widespread use as a solvent stabilizer. The use of solvents through the 1980s suggests its presence at thousands of solvent sites in the US; however, it is not always a standard compound in typical analytical suites for hazardous waste sites, so it previously was overlooked. The U.S. EPA has classified 1,4-Dioxane as "likely to be carcinogenic to humans." Some states have devised health standards or regulatory guidelines for drinking water and groundwater standards; these are often sub-part per billion values. These low standards present challenges for analysis, characterization, and remediation of 1,4-Dioxane.
The 1,4-Dioxane: Science, Characterization & Analysis, and Remediation training is a series of six (6) modules. The six individual modules will be presented together live, and then archived on the ITRC 1,4-Dioxane training webpage for on demand listening.
The modular 1,4-Dioxane training series provides an overview of 1,4-Dioxane and presenting six sections from the ITRC guidance document (1,4d-1, 2021):- History of Use and Potential Sources (Sect 1)
- Regulatory Framework (Sect 2)
- Fate and Transport (Sect 3)
- Sampling and Analysis (Sect 4)
- Toxicity and Risk Assessment (Sect 5)
- Remediation and Treatment Technologies (Sect 6)
After the six-part 1,4-Dioxane: Science, Characterization & Analysis, and Remediation series, you should understand: - The history of 1,4-Dioxane manufacturing and usage and the potential sources of releases of 1,4-Dioxane to the environment.
- Primary state and U.S. federal regulatory programs of relevance to 1,4-Dioxane
- Key physical/chemical properties, and fate and transport processes that are relevant for 1,4-Dioxane
- Benefits and limitations of the available analytical methods
- Risk drivers for human health and how ecological risk compares
- How/when/why different treatment technologies are appropriate
We encourage you to use the ITRC 1,4-Dioxane products (14d-1) and these training modules to learn about 1,4-Dioxane and how you can apply these best practices to improve decision-making at your sites.
For regulators and other government agency staff, this understanding of 1,4-Dioxane can be incorporated into your own programs. This training summarizes the current understanding of 1,4-Dioxane. While the training makes every effort to keep the information accessible to a wide audience, it is assumed that the participants will have some basic technical understanding of chemistry, environmental sciences, and risk assessment. As with other emerging contaminants, our understanding of 1,4-Dioxane continues to advance. This training provides the participants with information on areas where the science is evolving and where uncertainty persists.
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
- ITRC: Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) – Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council
September 23, 2025, 1:00PM-3:00PM EDT, 17:00-19:00 GMT
The ITRC Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR-1) Training is intended for state regulators and stakeholders who may not be familiar with the opportunities and challenges associated with MAR. It provides a basic understanding of MAR concepts, along with case studies, that showcase examples of successful MAR applications. For those who are familiar with MAR, the training gives an overview of the components of the MAR process along with the important considerations associated with each component necessary for the design and implementation of a MAR project. It is important to understand that MAR is an area of active research and expanding practical applications, and that this management process is continuing to evolve with time.The combination of climate change and growing demand for fresh water has resulted in an increase in the vulnerability and scarcity of freshwater supplies around the world. The need for fresh water to grow crops and provide for the welfare of the general population, economic growth, and ecosystems is becoming more acute. In the past 50 years, the amount of water withdrawn for human use has tripled. MAR is becoming an increasingly important method for improving and supplementing subsurface freshwater storage and ecosystems with an additional benefit of reducing flood risk, managing stormwater, mitigating subsidence, and controlling saltwater intrusion. Training Objectives - Understand MAR and its applications.
- Recognize MAR as a process rather than a single technology.
- Acknowledge that MAR can be widely applied.
- Understand MAR's role in the future for addressing water supply resilience and climate impacts.
Training Goals - Provide a model of the MAR process illustrating the primary components and their interaction.
- Provide an overview of the applications of MAR and the role in addressing climate change impacts through sustainability and resilience in water resources management.
- Provide information on each component of MAR and the critical considerations for each component in the design of a MAR project.
- Reference case studies illustrating the various applications of MAR.
After the MAR Training, the audience will have the tools necessary to understand MAR and how it can be used as a water resource management tool that encompasses a wide variety of water sources, recharge methods, and storage management practices. The audience will develop an understanding of MAR and its importance in achieving sustainability, resilience, and the far-reaching benefits of MAR related to water supply and quality, mitigation of saltwater intrusion, flood control, and ecological habitats. This training will provide information about the components of a MAR project to help regulators, practitioners, and stakeholders in the development and review of a MAR project. Recommended Reading: Participants are strongly encouraged to review the ITRC Managed Aquifer Recharge document prior to participating in the training class.
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
- ITRC: Overview of the Tire-Derived Chemicals 6PPD & 6PPD-quinone – Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council
October 7, 2025, 1:00PM-2:30PM EDT, 17:00-18:30 GMT
In October 2024, ITRC released the 6PPD & 6PPD-quinone Guidance Document to provide environmental professionals and communities with information about the current science and regulatory framework of 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-q). 6PPD-q is a contaminant of emerging concern and is a transformation product of the tire anti-degradant (6PPD), an antiozonant used in tires.
Join us for this ITRC training course to get a basic overview of the science and policy measures surrounding the Tire Anti-Degradants 6PPD and 6PPD-q. Attendees will gain insight into the current state of knowledge on topics such as: background and use of 6PPD in tires, toxicity in aquatic species and humans; occurrence, fate, and transport; measuring, mapping, and sampling; mitigation measures; and policy, regulations, and laws.
Currently, 6PPD is used in all tires and can contaminate stormwater and surface water anywhere tires are used. 6PPD-q was identified as a chemical fatal to coho salmon in 2020. Since that time, it has been documented as acutely toxic to multiple trout species found throughout the United States. 6PPD and 6PPD-q have been found in waterways, aquatic organisms, soils, air, and humans.
This training will introduce you to the ITRC 6PPD & 6PPD-quinone Guidance Document which provides more technical detail than can be covered in this training course
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
- ITRC: PFAS Chemistry – Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council
October 9, 2025, 1:00PM-3:00PM EDT, 17:00-19:00 GMT
The Interstate Technology & Regulatory Council (ITRC) is presenting an introductory training on the basics of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) chemistry. This training supplements the ITRC PFAS Introductory training and ITRC Beyond the Basics Training sessions. You can find ITRC PFAS training resources online at https://pfas-1.itrcweb.org/pfas-training/.
PFAS are an emerging group of contaminants that present unique challenges in many areas including: widespread use and presence in the environment, sampling and analysis, fate and transport, and remedial approaches. This training session will provide PFAS practitioners with an understanding of the unique aspects of PFAS chemistry that guide fate and transport, treatment, regulations, and decision-making on PFAS sites.
Key focus areas of the training include the following:- Why are PFAS different from other organic chemicals?
- How are PFAS defined?
- How are PFAS manufactured and why does that matter?
- What are the differences between perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances?
- What are the naming conventions used for the different types of PFAS?
- How are short-chain and long-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) defined?
- What are precursors and why are they important?
- What are some of the unique chemical properties of PFAS and why do they matter?
Resources and further details included in this training are in the ITRC Guidance Document (PFAS-1).
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
- ITRC: Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CEC) Identification Framework – Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council
October 14, 2025, 1:00PM-3:00PM EDT, 17:00-19:00 GMT
In 2023, the ITRC Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CEC) Framework was published to help environmental regulatory agencies and other stakeholders identify, evaluate, and manage CEC's while acknowledging uncertainties in their environmental fate and transport, receptor exposure, and/or toxicity. Such an approach can be conducive to improved allocation of regulatory response resources and provide a foundation for communicating potential risk to stakeholders. The ITRC framework is comprised of a white paper and four associated fact sheets. In the white paper, CEC are defined as: "substances and microorganisms including physical, chemical, biological, or radiological materials known or anticipated in the environment, that may pose newly identified risks to human health or the environment." The framework is meant to help environmental regulatory agencies and other stakeholders by providing examples of CEC monitoring programs and guiding the user through the process of identifying CEC key characteristics, how to communicate real and perceived risk from CEC to the public, and how laboratory analytical methods can be used in the identification process. The ITRC CEC training presents this entirely new framework for identification, prioritization, and communication of CEC. This course includes the following topics: - An overview of the framework, how and why it was developed, the factors that influence the creation of CEC management units at the state level, and a listing of existing CEC monitoring programs.
- A discussion of key variables that may be used as criteria to identify and prioritize CEC for response actions. This portion of the course includes a case study that illustrates how the identification and prioritization process works with an "unknown" chemical CEC.
- Practices and methods for stakeholder messaging and how to share incomplete information on CEC that could impact human health and the environment. This portion of the short course builds upon the ITRC Risk Communication Toolkit by providing additional detail addresses communications plans, message maps, and audience identification.
- A paradigm for how laboratory methods can be used to identify CEC ranging from:
- "Is compound X in the sample and at what concentration?" (i.e., known knowns) to
- "Which compounds from the list are in this sample?" (i.e., known unknowns) to
- "What is in the sample?" (i.e., unknown unknowns).
CEC are typically compounds or substances whose occurrence or effect is unknown but may or may not be understood through similar compounds or substances. This module includes a discussion of the use of targeted and untargeted analysis to identify a CEC. Participants will learn the elements of the CEC framework and gain an understanding of the framework application from case studies. Participants are encouraged to review the ITRC CEC Framework prior to the class.
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
- ITRC: Introduction to Hydrocarbons – Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council
October 23, 2025, 1:00PM-3:00PM EDT, 17:00-19:00 GMT
Petroleum is a complex mixture of many compounds. Regulatory and technical guidance documents commonly focus on the hydrocarbon components of that mixture, or perceived risks that they present. However, focusing on a specific area of concern often causes practitioners to overlook other aspects of a release. For example, concerns related to exposure to total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) risks may be overlooked while pursuing concerns related to light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) recovery or petroleum vapor intrusion (PVI).
This class is designed to provide a basic overview of hydrocarbon behavior in the subsurface and how to scientifically assess concerns arising from the release of petroleum products into the environment. It will highlight key issues that help identify and manage TPH, LNAPL, and PVI risks together. Key concepts will include: - Fundamentals of petroleum hydrocarbons
- Petroleum chemistry
- How TPH, LNAPL, and PVI are related
- Building an integrated conceptual site model (CSM)
- What is a CSM…what is its purpose?
- When is a CSM complete?
- Identifying and managing the risks from petroleum hydrocarbons
- Defining LNAPL risks based on acute, saturation, composition, or aesthetic concerns
- Emphasize the importance of biodegradation in risk management decision making
- How to select remedial goals and remedies that align with your goals
This course is based upon three separate Guidance Documents developed by ITRC that address the course content in detail:
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
- ITRC: Reuse of Solid Mining Waste – Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council
October 28, 2025, 1:00PM-3:00PM EDT, 17:00-19:00 GMT
Solid mining waste represents a significant quantity of waste material in the United States and around the world. Solid mining waste has a range of physical and chemical properties that make it both potentially valuable and potentially hazardous to human health and the environment. From a commercial perspective, mining removes most of the primary minerals of interest; however, waste materials can still contain valuable minerals and other materials that can be recovered. The different types of mining sites and potential wastes for reuse provide a significant challenge but also an opportunity for innovation.
Improvements in extraction and mineral processing technologies have occurred over time making it possible to recover minerals present in low concentrations. Interest in trace metals and rare earth elements (REEs) has increased, especially with the drive towards renewable energy sources increasing demand for key minerals required for solar panels and batteries. The reuse of solid mining waste can consist of reprocessing and repurposing the waste for resource recovery or a new application or product. This reuse serves as a solution to two significant needs:- a domestic supply of minerals and materials for sustainable development and national defense purposes
- the reclamation and remediation of land to reduce risks to human and environmental health
The ITRC Reuse of Solid Mining Waste training and guidance document is geared towards state regulators and environmental consultants, mining and manufacturing stakeholders, community and tribal stakeholders, and other who have an interest in the potential reuse of solid mining waste.
The guidance and this associated training course includes:- Mining wastes introduction
- Considerations for reusing mining waste: waste characterization, economic and market considerations, life cycle and risk assessment, regulatory considerations, & stakeholder considerations
- Potential applications for the reuse of solid mining waste: examples of construction, environmental, and industrial reuses
- Review of technologies used in mineral beneficiation and processing
Additionally, the guidance includes several case studies illustrating a range of current mining waste reuse scenarios. Prior to attending the training class, participants are encouraged to view the associated ITRC Reuse of Solid Mining Waste document.
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
- ITRC PFAS Introductory Training – Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council
November 6, 2025, 1:00PM-3:00PM EST, 18:00-20:00 GMT
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large and complex class of anthropogenic compounds whose prevalence in the environment are an emerging, worldwide priority in environmental and human health. The ITRC PFAS Team, formed in 2017, has prepared readily accessible materials to present PFAS information to stakeholders, regulators, and policy makers. The PFAS team represents a diverse cross-section of expertise and experience working on PFAS.
This training will include emerging science on PFAS, including topics such as Properties of PFAS, Fate and Transport, Sampling and Analysis, and Treatment Technologies. The technical presentations will be focused on those who are relatively new to PFAS. The training will last approximately 90 minutes and include time for questions.
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
- ITRC: Microplastics – Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council
November 13, 2025, 1:00PM-3:00PM EST, 18:00-20:00 GMT
In response to one of the biggest emerging environmental concerns, ITRC formed the Microplastics Team in 2021 to develop the Microplastics Guidance Document. Plastics have become pervasive in modern life and are now used in a wide range of commercial and industrial applications. Microplastics may result from the degradation and fragmentation of larger plastics, or they may be intentionally produced for specific applications and products. Regardless of their origin, microplastics are now ubiquitous in our environment. Because of their small size and pervasiveness in the environment, microplastics, along with any other contaminants which are adhered to the microplastics, may be inadvertently consumed by humans and other organisms.
The online ITRC Guidance Document is geared toward an audience with reasonable level of scientific understanding, but not microplastic-specific knowledge. The guidance provides a user with information on microplastics and the state of the applied science without having to go to the scientific literature.
The target audience for the guidance and this training course includes state regulators and environmental consultants, as well as community and tribal stakeholders.
The guidance and this associated training course uses a conceptual site model to navigate microplastics in the environment and explore the following general areas:- An introduction to microplastics, their sources, and worldwide distribution
- The pathways through which microplastics can enter and travel in the environment and their distribution in various media (water, soil, sediment, air, and biota)
- A current look at the most common techniques and best practices for sampling and analyzing microplastics
- Potential human health and ecological risks associated with microplastics in the environment
- An overview of existing regulations related to microplastics and macroplastics at the state, federal, and international levels
- Examples of prevention and mitigation strategies and best management practices to reduce microplastics from entering the environment and the emerging technologies to abate, treat, and remediate microplastics once they exist in the environment
- Identification of data gaps and the need for further research
- Several case studies illustrating a range of current microplastics-related topics
Prior to attending the training class, participants are encouraged to view the associated ITRC Microplastics Guidance Document.
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
- ITRC Biological Contaminants of Emerging Concern (BioCEC) Overview – Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council
November 20, 2025, 1:00PM-3:00PM EST, 18:00-20:00 GMT
The ITRC Biological Contaminant of Emerging Concern Guidance (published October 2025) is a tool to educate state regulators on processes and resources available to address emerging biological health risks in the environment. This training will provide an overview of the components of the guidance — process guide, conceptual exposure models, key variables for assessment, analytical methods for characterization, and a monitoring program inventory.
A Biological Contaminant of Emerging Concern (BioCEC) is defined as "a microbial pathogenic agent that may pose newly identified risks to humans through the environment and found in a vector, water, soil, waste, or air." "New identified risks" are informed by novel pathogens (hazard), their expanded prevalence (fate/transport), and/or new transmission pathways (exposure).
Novel and emerging biological contaminants are an area of great importance to the states as demonstrated by the notable challenges public health agencies have faced in recent decades when waste streams are diverted or insufficiently managed. A major challenge in public health is managing and reducing the risk associated with the transmission of harmful microorganisms (pathogens) and their resulting infectious diseases. Anthropogenic impacts on environmental systems can create niches for pathogens to survive and transport pathways for them to spread and cause disease outbreak.
The ITRC BioCEC guidance (published October 2025) brings attention to the nexus of environmental and public health investigations and highlights available resources and practices to monitor and manage an emerging environmental pathogen.
http://www.clu-in.org/live/
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Archived Internet Seminars
Characterization Approaches for Various Types of NAPLs - U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, Archive of Dec 19, 2024 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20241219
SRP Water Innovation - An Integrated Approach to Sustainable Solutions: Session II - Technologies for Water Remediation - NIEHS Superfund Research Program, Archive of Jun 20, 2016 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20160620
Implementation of Triad for Petroleum Brownfield's Cleanup and Reuse - US EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division, Archive of Jan 26, 2010 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20100126
Triad Month Session 7: Dynamic Work Strategies - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division, Archive of Aug 25, 2009 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20090825
Triad Month Session 6: Triad Case Studies - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division, Archive of Aug 20, 2009 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20090820
Triad Month Session 5: Triad Implementation - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division, Archive of Aug 18, 2009 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20090818
Triad Month Session 4: Triad Measurement Techniques - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division, Archive of Aug 13, 2009 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20090813
Triad Month Session 3: Triad During RD/RA - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division, Archive of Aug 11, 2009 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20090811
Triad Month Session 2: Triad Communications and Systematic Planning - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division, Archive of Aug 6, 2009 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20090806
Triad Month Session 1: Introduction to Triad - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division, Archive of Aug 4, 2009 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20090804
Triad: Beyond Characterization to Long-term Management of Groundwater Contaminant Plumes - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation Program, Archive of Sep 12, 2008 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20080912
Demystifying the DMA (Demonstration of Method Applicability) - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division, Archive of Jul 28, 2008 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20080728
Management and Interpretation of Data Under a Triad Approach - U.S. EPA Technology Innovation and Field Services Division, Archive of May 22, 2008 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20080522
Triad Approach: A New Paradigm for Environmental Project Management - Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council, Archive of Feb 10, 2005 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20050210
The Triad Approach to Better Cleanup Projects: Illustrated with the Tree Fruit Case Study - U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and U.S. EPA, Technology Innovation Office, Archive of Jan 23, 2003 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20030123
Field-Based Geophysical Technologies Online Seminar - U.S. EPA, Technology Innovation Office, Archive of Dec 12, 2001 Seminar
http://www.cluin.org/live/archive/#20011212
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Training Presentation Slides
The links below lead to Triad training materials (PowerPoint presentations, video clips, etc.) developed by members of the Triad working group.
- Triad Course Delivery at the National Site Assessment Symposium, June 28, 2004, San Diego, – USEPA, PPT slides for modules of the full-day delivery of training and case studies.
Is the Triad Approach Really Something New? (Presenter: Deana Crumbling, USEPA) (319 KB)
Triad's Systematic Planning Process (Presenter: Andrianne Saboya, US Navy PWC Environmental Dept.) (206 KB)
Evolving Conceptual Site Models (CSMs) in Real-time for Cost Effective Projects (Presenter: Kira Lynch, USACE, Seattle District) (8.0 MB)
Building A Second-Generation Data Quality Model (Presenter: Deana Crumbling, USEPA) (1.7 MB)
Introduction to 3-D Mapping Techniques (Presenter: Timothy Shields, Anteon Corp./US Navy PWC) (6.7 MB)
Video Clip of in-situ downward direct-push deployed GeoVIS moving downward beginning at the base of grassy soil surface to the top of the capillary fringe (25.7 MB/AVI)
Video Clip of in-situ downward direct-push deployed GeoVIS moving downward through the capillary fringe (11.7 MB/MPG)
Video Clip of in-situ downward direct-push deployed GeoVIS moving into NAPL contaminated groudwater (35.7 MB/AVI)
Accelerated VOC Source Investigation Pairing SCAPS/MIP with EPA Triad, Camp Pendleton, California (Presenter: Karen Collins, Anteon Corp./US Navy PWC) (2.4 MB)
East Palo Alto Case Study: Pesticide Investigation using the Triad Approach (Presenter: Deana Crumbling, USEPA and Lily Lee, USEPA Region 9 Brownfields Program) (1.5 MB)
Wrap-Up & Questions (Presenter: Deana Crumbling, USEPA) (244 KB)
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Workshops/Conferences
Triad presentations and workshops are scheduled at a variety of venues over the next several months.
- Triad Investigations: New Approaches and Innovative Strategies, Amherst, MA, June 10-12, 2008
The national conference included training sessions, workshops, and platform sessions focused on implementation of new tools, approaches, and strategies for hazardous waste site characterization, site remediation, and site redevelopment. Equipment demonstrations augmented the exhibitions to bring practical applications to the technical theory and case studies presented during the conference. The conference featured cutting edge tools and techniques for sampling and monitoring related to real-time information, continuous monitoring, and long-term monitoring for site closure and stewardship. Best practices and lessons learned were emphasized throughout the training sessions, platform sessions, and workshops
http://www.umass.edu/tei/conferences/presentations.html
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